Season the pork with salt, pepper, cumin, and let it rest for 20 minutes.
In a large, heavy-bottomed pot, heat the oil and sear the pork on all sides until golden brown. Remove the meat and set aside.
Fricasé is one of the most distinctive and beloved dishes of the Bolivian highlands, with recipes varying regionally. It is a dish that requires time for the pork to fall apart and the sauce to thicken. The traditional density is often achieved by adding breadcrumbs or ground white bread at the end.
Spiciness is essential and comes from Ají Amarillo, which gives the dish its vibrant color. The pork must be slow-cooked until it is so tender that it can be separated with a spoon.
Season the pork with salt, pepper, cumin, and let it rest for 20 minutes.
In a large, heavy-bottomed pot, heat the oil and sear the pork on all sides until golden brown. Remove the meat and set aside.
In the same pot, sauté the onion (if using) until translucent. Add the crushed garlic, Ají Amarillo paste, and oregano. Cook for 3 minutes, stirring constantly, to toast the paste and release its aroma.
Return the seared pork to the pot. Cover with broth (or water) so the meat is completely submerged. Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat to low.
Cover and simmer slowly for at least 2 hours, or until the meat begins to fall off the bone/shred. Check regularly and add hot water/broth to maintain the soup/stew consistency of the Fricasé.
Once the meat is tender, if you wish to thicken the sauce, add the breadcrumbs and stir. Let it simmer for 10 minutes.
Cook the chuño (or potatoes) and mote in separate pots. Chuño must be soaked in water for at least 8 hours before boiling.
Serve the Fricasé hot. Place 2–3 pieces of potatoes/chuño and mote in a deep bowl. Place a piece of meat on top and pour a generous amount of the thick, spicy broth/sauce over everything. Garnish with chopped mint (if using) and serve.